What is consensus sequence in bioinformatics?

A consensus sequence is a sequence of DNA, RNA, or protein that represents aligned, related sequences. The consensus sequence of the related sequences can be defined in different ways, but is normally defined by the most common nucleotide(s) or amino acid residue(s) at each position.

In molecular biology and bioinformatics, the consensus sequence (or canonical sequence) is the calculated order of most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment. It serves as A simplified representation of the viral population.

A consensus sequence is determined by Aligning many nucleotide (or protein) sequences that share a common function, then determining the most commonly expressed nucleotide (or amino acid) at each position.

Promoters in bacteria contain two short DNA sequences located at the -10 (10 bp 5′ or upstream) and -35 positions from the transcription start site (TSS). Their equivalent to the eukaryotic TATA box, the Pribnow box (TATAAT) is located at the -10 position and is Essential for transcription initiation.

These consensus sequences are known to be critical, because Changing one of the conserved nucleotides results in inhibition of splicing. Another important sequence occurs at what is called the branch point, located anywhere from 18 to 40 nucleotides upstream from the 3′ end of an intron.

In humans, we identified 42 different consensus sequences that are each present in at least 100 human introns. 37 of the 42 top consensus sequences are significantly enriched or depleted in at least one of the 36 types of introns.

The -10 and -35 regions of prokaryotic promoters are called consensus sequences Because they are similar in all bacterial species.

A theoretical representative nucleotide or amino acid sequence in which each nucleotide or amino acid is the one which occurs most frequently at that site in the different sequences which occur in nature. The phrase also refers to an actual sequence which approximates the theoretical consensus.

A conserved region is identical or similar in lots of species and can be used to identify the DNA to higher taxa (for example, vertebrates – a group which includes fish and mammals). The variable region is different in every species and so can be used to identify DNA to species level.

Protein structure is generally more conserved than sequence, Because of the intimate relationship between structure and function. The maintenance of function is strongly selected for evolutionarily, and so this place restraints on protein structure.

Introduction. A consensus sequence is A sequence of DNA, RNA, or protein that represents aligned, related sequences. The consensus sequence of the related sequences can be defined in different ways, but is normally defined by the most common nucleotide(s) or amino acid residue(s) at each position.

A consensus sequence is determined by Aligning many nucleotide (or protein) sequences that share a common function, then determining the most commonly expressed nucleotide (or amino acid) at each position. Often conserved sequences reflect a common function or binding domain.